Holocaust Timeline
click here to see the number of Jewish murders in and on the way to the death camps
- 1941 -
January 10
All Jews are registered (Netherlands)
February 5
The Law for the Protection of the State - Jews get double punishment for crimes (Romania)
March 3
Krakow ghetto established
March 1
Himmler orders a camp at Birkenau (Auschwitz II) built
April 6
Germany invades Yugoslavia (surrenders April 18) and Greece
April 13
Japan and the Soviet Union sign a neutrality pact
April 24
Lublin ghetto sealed
June 22
Germany invades the Soviet Union (Operation Barbarossa)
June 29
"Black Sunday" - in the courtyard of the Iasi police headquarters, several thousand Jews are shot
June 29-July 2
In Dvinsk, all Jewish males from 16 to 60 years old are arrested
July 8
Jews in Baltic countries must wear Star of David
July 12
Anglo-Soviet Mutual Assistance Pact
July 20
Minsk ghetto established
July 24
Kishinev ghetto established
July 25-27
The "Petliura Days" - pogrom in Lvov
August 1
Bialystok ghetto established
August 14
Atlantic Charter signed
September 1
Euthanasia Program officially ended
September 3
First gassing tests at Auschwitz
September 3-6
Two ghettos in Vilna established
September 19
All Jews in the Reich must wear the yellow Star of David in public
October 8
Vitebsk ghetto liquidated
October 10
Theresienstadt Ghetto established
October 11
Chernovtsy ghetto established
October 23
Jewish emigration from Germany prohibited
November 1
Belzec extermination camp begins construction
November 25
The Association des Juifs en Belgique (Association of Jews in Belgium) established
December
Lwow ghetto established
December 7
Japan
attacks the United States at Pearl Harbor;
Night and Fog Decree
December 8
Chelmno death camp opens near Lodz, Poland
December 10
Germany and Italy declare war on the United States, the United States reciprocates
- 1942 -
January 20
Wannsee Conference
January 21
Jews in Vilna create the Fareynegte Partizaner Organizatsye (United Partisan Organization)
February 23
The Sturma sinks after being refused entry into Palestine
March
Start of "Aktion Rheinhard"
March
First transports of Jews to Auschwitz
March 1
Sobibor camp established
March 16
Belzec camp established
March 25
Kolomyia ghetto established
April 29
Jews in Netherlands must wear the yellow Star of David
April 30
Pinsk ghetto established
May 1
Dvinsk ghetto is virtually liquidated
May 27
Heydrich is severely wounded - dies on June 4
June 3
Jews in Belgium must wear the yellow Star of David
June 7
Jews
in occupied France must wear the yellow Star of David;
United States wins battle
at Midway
June 10
Nazis revenge death of Heydrich - wipe out Lidice, Czechoslovakia
July 20
Jewish uprising at Nesvizh
July 23
Treblinka camp established
July 28
The Zydowska Organizacja Bojowa (Jewish Fighting Organization) established in Warsaw
August 9
Mir ghetto liquidated - Armed Jews resist
August 16-18
Radom ghetto liquidated
Sept.
15 -
Jan. 31, 1943
Battle of Stalingrad
November 8
Operation Torch begins
- 1943 -
January 18-22
First Warsaw ghetto uprising
February 24
Salonika ghetto established
February 26
First transport of Gypsies to Auschwitz - placed in Auschwitz II in the "Gypsy Camp"
February 29
The Kolomyia ghetto is liquidated
April
Bergen-Belsen established
April 13
Katyn Forest Massacre graves are discovered
April 19
Revolt in the Warsaw ghetto (resisted for 27 days)
June 20
The Ternopol ghetto is liquidated
June 25
Revolt in Czestochowa, Poland ghetto
July 5
The Sobibor extermination camp is made a concentration camp under Himmler's orders
August 2
Revolt at Treblinka death camp
August 16
Revolt of Bialystok ghetto
September 14
The Minsk ghetto is liquidated
September 24
The Vilna ghetto is liquidated
October 13
Italy declares war on Germany
October 14
Revolt in Sobibor
November 3
Aktion Erntefest (Harvest Festival) begins - liquidates the Trawniki, the Poniatowa, and the Majdanek camps
Nov. 28 - Dec. 1
Teheran Conference
- 1944 -
Assassination attempt on Hitler
March 19
Germany invades Hungary
April 5
Jews in Hungary must wear the yellow Star of David
April 7
Alfred Wetzler and Rudolf Vrba escape from Auschwitz - their descriptions of Auschwitz reach the world and become known as the Auschwitz Protocols
June 6
D-day
July 8
The Kovno ghetto is liquidated
July 20
Soviet troops liberate Majdanek concentration camp
July 28
First major death march begins - Warsaw to Kutno
August 1
Zigeunernacht - 40,000 Gypsies gassed in a single action at Auschwitz
August 1 - October 2
Polish rebellion in Warsaw
October 6-7
An uprising at Auschwitz by the Sonnderkommandos
November 2
Gassings at Auschwitz terminated
December 16
Battle of the Bulge
- 1945 -
January 17
Soviet
troops liberate Warsaw;
"Death March" from Auschwitz begins;
Raoul Wallenberg
is arrested by the Soviets
January 19
Soviet troops liberate the Lodz ghetto (877 left out of 250,000 Jews)
January 27
Soviet troops liberate Auschwitz
February 4-12
Yalta Conference
April 5-6
Buchenwald evacuated
April 9
Mauthausen evacuated
April 11
American troops liberate Buchenwald
April 12
Franklin D. Roosevelt dies; Truman becomes President of the U.S.
April 15
British troops liberate Bergen-Belsen concentration camp
April 21
Ravensbrück evacuated
April 28
American
troops liberate Dachau;
Mussolini shot by Italian partisans
April 29
Ravensbrück is liberated
April 30
Hitler commits suicide in the Berlin bunker
May 2
Soviet troops take Berlin
May 3
Nazis hand over Theresienstadt to the International Red Cross
May 5
Liberation of Mauthausen
May 7
The Germans surrender
May 8
War in Europe ends (V-E Day)
May 23
Himmler captured
July - August
Potsdam Conference
August 6
Atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima
August 8
The
Soviet Union declares war on Japan;
Allies establish the War Crimes Tribunal
August 9
Atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki
August 15
Japan surrenders
November 22
Nuremberg trials (ends October 1, 1946)
- 1948 -
May 14
Israel is established
- 1957 -
The last displaced persons camp is closed
- 1961 -
April 11
Adolf Eichmann's trial begins
- 1962 -
May 31
Adolf Eichmann is hanged
